Category Archives: Culture

Information about the current culture of a location we visit.

The National Cryptologic Museum in Annapolis, Maryland – Part 2

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continued... Here were some American machines used in World War II. The little machine on the left was a portable unit. 140,000 were built during WWII. They were also utilized in the Korean and Vietnam Wars, as well. The bigger one to the right was the first production model of an Electric Cipher Machine. The Navy called it CSP-889 (later renamed to ECM Mark II) and the Army called it SIGABA.

They also could do voice encryption. We believe this was a model of a SIGSALY machine that produced encoded records. There were two turntables that synchronized the sending and receiving ends. When played on a regular record player, they just sounded like random noise. A matching record at the receiving end could unscramble them. They held about 12-minutes of content. They were in service from 1943 to 1946.

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Keith’s Perspective on Our First Week in DC/Le point de vue de Keith sur notre première semaine à Washington

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This week has been… well, painful is the wrong word. Maybe… interesting would be the right word, I guess? On Saturday, we arrived in Washington DC. All we did was rest for the whole day except for going out to dinner. We went to a really good Mexican fusion restaurant, then we had these things called “Chimney Cakes” for dessert. 

Cette semaine était… douloureuse mais c’est pas le bon mot. Peut être… intéressante c’est le bon mot. Samedi nous sommes arrivés à Washington DC. On s’est reposé pour toute la journée sauf quand on est sorti pour manger le dîner. Nous avons mangé à un restaurant de fusion Mexican, puis nous avons mangé des choses qui s’appellent des “Chimney Cakes” pour le dessert. 

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Trader Joe’s in DC; The Original Pancake House and Trawlerfest in Baltimore, MD

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Friday, Sept 26 — When we saw Jeff Merrill, he had invited us to join his panel of cruising experts at the upcoming Trawlerfest in Baltimore. We had already arranged to rent a car at the airport this morning so we could drive to Baltimore. First thing this morning, Eric went to pick it up. He took the free shuttle to the Metro stop, and took the Metro to the airport. Eric was expecting the Metro to be crowded during rush hour on a weekday, but it was pretty quiet. He was a little disconcerted to find that it was quite a long walk from the airport Metro stop to the car rental place.

Our panel wasn’t until 1500, so we took advantage of having a car to do a big grocery store stock up. Eric picked up Christi and Keith from The Wharf and we headed to Trader Joe’s, which was our favorite place to get passage foods. The neighborhood that it was in looked a lot like Baltimore, made up primarily of small, tightly packed row homes. The parking lot was under the building, and we had a hard time finding the entrance. Trader Joe’s customers were required to park in designated spots deep down in the garage. Parking was free for the 1st hour with validation and $11.00 after that, so we were careful to finish our shopping before the fee kicked in. 

Much to our surprise, the store was underground, on the same level as the designated parking spots.

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The Exhibition Hall in the Capitol, Washington DC and More Exploring The Wharf

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continued... In 1964, only 79 years after the Supreme Court overturned the first civil rights bill, Congress finally got around to passing another one. The Civil Rights Act was more expansive than its predecessor, outlawing discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin.

There was a small exhibit on Congress’s investigational powers. They mentioned a few examples: A committee investigating organized crime in interstate commerce convened from 1950 – 1951. It was one of the first televised hearings, so it garnered a lot of attention. The Wherry-Hill Investigations of the 1950s sought to expose gay federal employees. And in 1975, the Church committee investigated “unlawful or improper conduct by intelligence agencies.”

The item on the left was a maquette, or mini-version of a proposed statue, of House Representative Sam Rayburn, who served from 1913 – 1961. The statue was never made. The wooden item to the right of the sculpture was a desk plate belonging to Gerald Ford. Ford was the only president who wasn’t elected as president or VP. When Nixon’s VP, Spiro Agnew, resigned in 1973, Ford ascended from House Minority Leader to VP. When Nixon resigned in 1974, Ford became president. The document above is a copy of H.R. 7152, The Civil Rights Act, which was passed in 1964.
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The Exhibition Hall in the Capitol, Washington DC – Part 3

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continued… The next exhibit was about more general early US government history. It started by explaining that the fledgling nation’s founding framework was the Articles of Confederation, enacted in 1781. And it explained why they were replaced in 1789 with a revolutionary new idea that had never been tried before — the Constitution. It explained how the Great Compromise led to a balance of power between three branches of government so the federal government couldn’t become tyrannical, and also ensured no state could have too much power over the others. An addendum called the Bill of Rights was added with a list of amendments to the Constitution which protected individual liberties. Interestingly, the author of the Bill of Rights, James Madison, didn’t think it was necessary, but realized that the anti-Federalists wouldn’t support the Constitution without individual rights explicitly laid out. The Constitution states that federal laws and treaties take precedence over state laws.

The House of Representative proceedings were open to the press and general public from the inception of Congress in 1789, but the Senate met in private. After the states complained, the Senate was prompted to open its doors — for the most part — in 1795. They still met in private about matters considered too sensitive for the public, including presidential nominations and foreign treaties.

Portrait of James Madison. The book was the results of the first census in 1790. There were 3.9 million people, including almost 700,000 slaves.
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